How do I teach numbers to nursery and KG children?
Teach numbers through counting real objects, songs, games and everyday routines. Start with rote counting and one-to-one counting (touching each object once) up to 5, then 10, then 20; link quantities to numerals; and explore sorting, comparing (more, less), patterns and shapes. Use blocks, beads, stairs, snack time and the calendar so number is part of daily life.
What this means in practice
Number sense, knowing what '5' really means, matters more than writing numerals early.
Progression
- Nursery: counting songs, counting to 5, sorting by colour
- LKG: counting to 10 and 20, matching numerals, comparing groups
- UKG: adding and taking away with objects, simple patterns, number lines
Daily number moments
- Counting children at circle time
- Counting stairs
- Sharing snacks equally
- Measuring with hand spans
- Spotting shapes on a walk
Understanding number sense
Number sense includes knowing that the last number counted tells 'how many', recognising small groups without counting (subitising), comparing groups, and seeing that numbers can be split and combined. Games with dice, dominoes, ten frames and finger patterns build these ideas. When children can see 'three' instantly and know that three and two make five, they are ready for more formal number work in Grade 1.
Practical next steps
- Plan one number game a day.
- Collect counting objects.
- Observe who can count objects accurately.
Common follow-up questions
When should children write numbers?
After they understand quantities, usually in UKG, using big movements first.
Are worksheets useful?
Occasionally; hands-on work is more effective at this age.
Sources
- Education Endowment Foundation: Early Years Toolkit
- NCERT: National Curriculum Framework for Foundational Stage 2022
Course facts from APTTI's published course pages, checked 10 October 2026. Editorial policy.